excessive/insufficient oxygen in the cylinder.The limitations of the fuel conversion efficiency are caused by: For the same reason, the oxigen may also be insufficient for combustion, which will generate carbon monoxide (CO).ĭue to the limitations of the fuel conversion efficiency, there are unintended outputs of an internal combustion engine. Also, since the air-fuel mixture is not 100% homogeneous, a part of the fuel will not burn (oxidize), which means that in the exhaust gases we’ll have unburnt hidrocarbons (HC). Since more than 70 % percent of the air is nitrogen (N 2), a part from it will react with oxygen and form oxides of nitrogen (NO x). In reality the fuel is mixed with air and not pure oxygen (O 2). Image: Methane (CH4) complete combustion process
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